Argumentative Text : Hortatory Text

 

Argumentation Text

Argumentative text is a type of writing that contains the author's arguments. The aim is to convince, influence, or invite readers to understand and support the author's views or opinions on a particular topic.

1. Introduction

The introduction functions to introduce the topic or issue that will be discussed and attract the attention of the reader or listener. Writers usually start by discussing the topic in general, then focus on the arguments or problems to be presented. In this introductory section, authors often also present arguments that contradict their views to show contrast.

2. Body Text (Content)

The body of the text or content is the most important part of an argumentative text. This section contains arguments and reasons that support the author's views. The writer must organize the argument well and explore each piece of evidence in detail. Generally, in this section the author will present three or four main reasons that support his view and explain each reason well.

3. Conclusion

The conclusion is the final part of an argumentative text which functions to reiterate the author's argument and provide a final view. Writers should ensure that their conclusions align with the arguments previously presented and end in a strong way. In the conclusion we can ask rhetorical questions or provide advice and invitations. Conclusions can also be a means of proposing counterarguments.

Characteristics of the argumentative text

Emotional-affective arguments. They are those that seek to generate empathy and convince through emotions and feelings. Rational arguments. They are those that appeal to the recipient's capacity for logical thinking. Then the content itself will be developed, with the help of certain linguistic resources or strategies in order to support the hypothesis, such as: The analogy. It consists of the parallelism or relationship of similarity between two elements at first glance, different. Statistical data. It consists of reliable numerical information that can be compared and analysed. The exemplification. It consists of providing examples from everyday life, which represent the theme exposed in the thesis. The direct or verbatim quotation. It consists of a faithful transcription of the words of an author or published document and the complete sentence is written in quotation marks.

Examples of argumentative texts

Scientific articles. They tend to have technical language and are aimed at a specialized audience.

Newspaper articles. They do not always include the author's signature.

Legal documents. As are the remedies for protection, appeals or contracts.

Political speeches. In which the arguments are often manipulated in order to fulfill partisan interests, and not just debate political issues.

Advertising guidelines. They are not usually reliable sources of information, due to the economic interests that hide or exceed the exposed subject.

Hortatory Text

Hortatory exposition is a type of text that tries to invite readers to do something or make them think about certain changes so that they ultimately agree with the statement.

This text is generally found in the form of editorial opinions, academic speeches, advertisements, and is often found among writings about social issues. However, this exposition text is accompanied by in-depth arguments because its aim is to invite and force the reader to do something.

Hortatory exposition text consists of an introductory statement, reasons, and several convincing examples; all of which revolve around the main topic to share information with the reader. The ultimate goal of this text is to make the reader feel that the proposal makes sense and should be implemented.

The purpose of a hortatory exposition text is to provide a flow of views and entertain the reader in a persuasive way. The author of this text will use facts, quotes, examples, and reasons to support his views.

This text will compromise with strong reasons to influence readers to think or act in accordance with what the author of this report text suggests. The function of this text is to teach the reader about a certain situation, change his thinking or suggest a certain way to act.

In particular, hortatory exposition text is directed at moral values related to social commitment. This means that the content must involve human actions or behavior that are ethically acceptable in society.

Hortatory Exposition Text Structure

Hortatory exposition texts are usually organized into three main parts: introduction, argument, and conclusion. However, it is important to note that there are no strict rules for composing hortatory exposition texts.

Introduction or Thesis

The introduction gives the reader an overview of the issue being discussed and presents the author's opinion on the issue. This section should provide some background information on the topic and state why the topic needs to be discussed.

Arguments

The second part of a hortatory exposition text consists of arguments for why a particular action should be taken. This section should include several points explaining why the proposed solution makes sense and benefits everyone involved or affected by the problem.

Recommendations

The final part of a hortatory expository text usually includes recommendations of advice that tell people what they should do about the issue being discussed.

Language Features Hortatory Exposition Text

Focusing on the writer

Using action verbs

Using thinking verbs

Using modal adverbs. (e.g.: certainly, surely)

Using temporal connectives. (e.g.: firstly, secondly)

Using evaluative words. (e.g.: important, valuable, trustworthy)

Using passive voice

Using Simple Present Tense

Hortatory Exposition Text #1: Watch Your Kid while Watching TV

(Thesis)

Television becomes one of the most important devices, which takes place in almost houses. It can unite all members of the family as well as separate them. However, is it important to know what your kids are watching?

The answer is, of course, “Yes” and that should be done by all parents. Television can expose things you have tried to protect the children from, especially violence, pornography, consumerism and so on.

(Arguments)

Recently, a study demonstrated that spending too much time on watching TV during the day or at bedtime often causes bed-time disruption, stress, and short sleep duration.

Another research finds that there is a significant relationship between the amount of time spent for watching television during adolescence and early adulthood, and the possibility of being aggressive.

Meanwhile, many studies have identified a relationship between kids who watch TV a lot and being inactive and overweight.

(Recommendation)

Considering some facts mentioning above, protect your children with the following tips:

Limit television viewing to one-two hours each day.

Do not allow your children to have a TV set in their own bedrooms.

Review the rating of TV shows which your children watch.

Watch television with your children and discuss what is happening in the show.

 

Hortatory Exposition Text #2: The Importance of Reading

(Thesis)

I personally think that reading is a very important activity in our life. Why do I say so?

(Arguments)

Firstly, by reading we can get a lot of knowledge about many things in the world such as Science, technology, sports, arts, culture, etch, written in either book, magazines, newspaper, etc.

Secondly, by reading we can get a lot of news and information about something happening in any part of the world which we can see directly.

Another reason, reading can give us pleasure too. When we are tired, we read books, novels, comics, newspapers, or magazines in the entertainment column such as comedy, short stories, quizzes, etc. To make us relaxed.

Lastly, reading can also take us to other parts of the world. By reading a book about Irian Jaya we may feel we're really sitting in the jungles, not at home in our rooms.

(Recommendation)

From the facts above, it's obvious that everyone needs to read to get knowledge, information and entertainment. Or in summary we can say reading is truly important in our life.